Drop side crib



Nov. 24,1970 H. H. MORRISON 3,541,619

I DROP SIDE CRIB I Filed June 28, 1968 2 Sheets-Sheet l 28 $6 T 2 F/G.2 3 r ilf za 24 {6 F/ G.l

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INVI'IN'I'UR. HARRY H. MORRISON TTORNEYS United States Patent Office U.S. Cl. 100 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A drop side crib having a drop side extending between a pair of opposed crib ends and vertically movable with respect thereto. The drop side has upper and lower rails each of which is formed with a pair of opposed end notches extending vertically through the rail. The pair of opposed crib ends fixedly carry elongated substantially rigid guides which extend upwardly beyond bottom edges of the crib ends toward top edges thereof. These guides are respectively provided with inwardly extending guide ribs extending inwardly toward each other away from the crib ends. The guide ribs are respectively received in the notches at the ends of the rails of the drop side so as to guide the latter for vertical movement with respect to the crib ends.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to cribs.

In particular, the present invention relates to cribs in which infants and young children sleep.

The invention relates particularly to that type of crib which is provided with at least one drop side, so that when the drop side is lowered easy access may be had to the crib while when the drop side is in an upper position an infant or young child will be safely retained within the confines of the crib.

Cribs of this general type are of course well known. However, conventional cribs sufierfrom several drawbacks. Thus, such conventional cribs are of a shaky, rickety construction since they are made up of components which are only loosely held together so that a relatively rigid strong assembly cannot be achieved. In addition, conventional cribs are not completely safe. It is easy for a child to injure a limb which becomes jammed between moving parts of a conventional crib. Furthermore, conventional cribs have sharp protrusions formed by metal guide brackets, hooks for supporting the crib spring at the desired elevation, latching components, and the like, so that it does not infrequently happen that a child becomes injured because of such protrusions. In addition, a drop side of a conventional crib cannot be reliably latched in its upper position. It is not uncommon for a child to quickly learn how it is possible to unlatch the drop side from the interior of the crib so that the drop side will fall, resulting often in falling of the child from the crib.

In addition, one of the limitations encountered with conventional cribs is that the crib spring can be situated only at one of a given number of predetermined elevations, so that a limitless selection of the elevation of the crib spring within a given range cannot be achieved with conventional cribs.

Also, the requirements in connection with the assembly of the components of a conventional crib are extremely complex. Not only must guide rods be directed through openings of the rails of the crib sides, but in addition various elements must be situated in a predetermined sequence along the guide rods, necessitating a considerable amount of time and effort in order to achieve proper assembly of the components of a conventional crib.

3,541,619 Patented Nov. 24, 1970 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is accordingly a primary object of the present invention to provide a crib which will avoid the above drawbacks.

In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a crib which will be safe in that it will reliably prevent any possible injury to the occupant of the crib.

Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a crib structure which is far simpler than conventional structures and which at the same time provides an assembly which is far more rigid and stable than conventional cribs.

In particular, it is an object of the invention to provide a crib whose components can be very quickly and easily assembled.

Also, it is an object of the invention to provide a crib where the cribspring can be situated at any desired elevation within a given range.

Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a crib which cannot be unlatched by the occupant of the crib.

Also, it is an object of the invention to provide a crib which can be very easily actuated by the operator for the purpose of releasing a drop side.

The crib of the invention has a pair of opposed crib ends between which a drop side extends. This drop side has upper and lower rails each of which is formed at its opposed ends with vertical notches which extend through the rails. These notches have their hollow interiors respectively directed toward the crib ends. A pair of elongated substantially rigid guides are respectively fixed to the crib ends extending upwardly beyond lower edges thereof toward top edges thereof. These guides have inwardly directed guide ribs directed inwardly away from the crib ends toward each other. These guide ribs are received in the notches at the ends of the rails at the drop side so that in this way the guide ribs guide the drop side for vertical movement with respect to the crib ends.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings which form part of this application and in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective illustration of a crib according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary side elevation, on an enlarged scale as compared to FIG. 1, showing the connection between a fragmentarily illustrated drop side and one crib end;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional plan view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2 in the direction of the arrows;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional plan view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 2 in the direction of the arrows;

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional plan view taken along line 55 of FIG. 2 in the direction of the arrows;

FIG. 6 is fragmentary side elevation showing the details of a releaseable latching means and operator-actuated retracting means of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the structure of FIG. 6 showing the lower rail of the drop side situated below the position thereof illustrated in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a sectional plan view taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 6 in the direction of the arrows; and

FIG. 9 is a transverse sectional elevation taken along line 9-9 of FIG. 6 in the direction of the arrows.

DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring now to FIG. 1, a crib 10 according to the present invention is illustrated therein. This crib includes a pair of opposed crib ends 12 and a pair of opposed drop sides 14. Each drop side 14 has an upper rail 16 and a lower rail 18 (FIG. 2). In accordance with one of the features of the invention the opposed ends of all of the rails 16 and 18 of both drop sides 14 are formed with vertical extending notches 20 passing therethrough, and these end notches 20 of the rails 16 and 18 have their hollow interiors directed toward the crib ends 12. The crib ends 12 as well as the drop sides 14 may be made of any desired relatively rigid material such as wood or plastic or combinations thereof. Of course, the drop sides 14 include the vertical extending slats 22 which extend in a conventional manner between and interconnect the upper rail 16 and lower rail 18 of each drop side 14.

In accordance with a further feature of the invention, a plurality of substantially rigid, elongated guides 24 are fixed to the crib ends 12. Each crib end 12 has a pair of parallel guides 24 fixed thereto, and the guides 24 extend vertically upwardly from the bottom edge 26 of each crib end 12 toward the top edge 28 thereof, substantially up to the region of this top edge 28. The vertical guides 24 are rigidly fixed with the crib ends 12 throughout the entire distance along which the guides 24 extend upwardly from the bottom edge 26 toward the top edge 28 of each crib end 12. As is particularly apparent from FIG. 3, each guide 24 is in the form of an elongated metal extrusion having in cross section a cruciform configuration. These guides 24 may be made of aluminum which is polished and chrome plated after being extruded to form the guides 24. Each crib end 12 is formed with a pair of vertical grooves 30 extending completely through the crib end 12 between the bottom edge 26 and the top edge 28 thereof, and the guide 24 has a fixing rib 32 which is of a dovetail cross section closely matching the dovetail cross section of the groove 30 and seated therein with a press fit which is tight enough to maintain the guide 24 rigidly fixed with the crib end 12 throughout the entire distance that the guide 24 extends along the crib end 12.

Opposite to the fixing rib 32, each guide 24 is provided with a guide rib 34 which is of a keyhole or substantially dovetail cross section, and it is these guide ribs which are received in the end notches 20 of the rails 16 and 18. These notches 20 have a cross sectional configuration matching that of the ribs 34 so that the rails 16 and 18 are slidable along the ribs 34, and the construction is such that the rails 16 and 18 engage the rib 34 with a friction which is sufficiently great to enable the drop side 14 to be maintained at any elevation along the guides 24. In other words the operator may displace a drop side 14 to any desired elevation and at the end of the displacing movement drop side 14 will remain, simply by frictional engagement with the ribs 34, at the elevation where the operator has terminated the vertical displacement of the drop side.

The top end of each guide 24 is covered by a substantially triangular cap 36 which may be made of die cast aluminum and which may be chrome plated. Each guide 24 has between the fixing rib 32 and the guide rib 34 a pair of laterally extending fins 38 which extend longitudinally along the guide 24 and which have fiat surfaces engaging the inner surface of the crib end 12 in the manner shown most clearly in FIG. 3. The cap 36 has in its interior a pair of inwardly extending projections 40 which are respectively received substantially at the junctions between the lateral fins 38 and the guide rib 34. The cap 36 is closed at its top but is open at its bottom so that it can very simply be placed on top of each guide rib 34 and will be frictionally held in the position indicated in FIGS. 2 and 3.

According to a further feature of the invention, the guides 24 extend downwardly beyond the lower edge 26 of each crib end 12, so that in this way the several guides 24 have lower elongated portions 42 situated beneath the edge 26 of each crib end 12 and forming legs which support the crib ends 12 at predetermined elevations. The legs 42, which thus are in the form of integral extensions of the guides 24, covered by plastic leg channels 44 which extend across the fixing rib 32 and around g the fins 38 in the manner shown most clearly in FIG. 5,

so that in this way the legs 42 are covered at all parts except their guide ribs 34. Thus, these guide ribs 34 extend along the legs 42 so that the lower rails 18 can slide downwardly along the legs 42 at their guide ribs 34. At their bottom ends the legs 42 are connected with suitable glides 46 which may take the form, for example, of simple cups into which the bottom ends of the guides 24 are pressed, or they may be in the form of slide blocks having top surfaces from which suitable gripping springs project into the spaces 48 (FIG. 5) where these gripping prongs grip the exterior surfaces of the fixing rib 32 for releasably holding the glides 46 at the bottom ends of the legs 42, respectively.

As is apparent from FIG. 2, the crib 10 includes a crib spring 50 for supporting a crib mattress 52. In order to support the spring 50 at a selected elevation four releaseable clamping means 54 are respectively fixed to the guide ribs 34 0f the guides 24 between the top and bottom rails of the drop sides 14. Each clamping means 54 (FIG. 4) includes a pair of opposed clamp plates '56 made, for example, pressed steel which is chrome plated. At their portions which are located beyond the guide rib 34, the clamp plates 56 are formed with pairs of aligned openings through which clamping screws 58 pass, so that when the screws are tightened the clamp plates 56 will tightly grip each rib 34.

A keeper 60 is situated against the exterior surface of the inner plate 56 of each releaseable clamping means 54, and this keeper 60 is in the form of an elongated steel member which may also be chrome plated. The keeper 60 is formed with a pair of threaded openings through which the screws 58 extend so that the screws 58 serve to hold the keeper 60 against each inner clamping plate 56 as well as to coact with the threaded bores of the keeper 60 to press the clamping plates 56 against the rib 34. Each keeper 60 has an elongated upper portion extending upwardly beyond the clamping plates 56 and defining with the guide rib 34 a gap for receiving an elongated portion 62 of a corner crib-spring support member. Thus, these portions 62 which are respectively connected to the corners of the spring 50 can simply pass downwardly between the upper ends of the keepers 60 and the guide ribs 34 to rest on the upper ends of the clamping plates 56, and in this way the spring 50 and the mattress 52 thereon are supported and retained at a selected elevation. It will be noted that with this construction there is a limitless choice as to the selected elevation of the releaseable clamping means 54 within the desired range of elevations in which the spring 50 will be situated.

The crib 10 of the invention also includes four releaseable latch means 64 for releaseably latching each drop side 14 in an upper position such as that which is shown in solid lines in FIG. 2. From this upper position it is possible for the operator to lower the drop side to any desired lower elevation such as indicated by the dotdash line position 66 for the upper rail 16 in FIG. 2.

As is most clearly shown in FIG. 7, each guide rib 34 is provided with an upwardly directed latching surface 68 which coacts with the latch means 64. This upwardly directed latch surface 68 forms the bottom surface of a notch 70 which passes transversely through each guide rib 34 at its edge portion which is received in the end notches 20 of the rails 16 and 18, and this notch 70 has the configuration shown in FIG. 7.

Each latch means 64 includes a latch member 72 made of nylon, for example. Each latch member 72 is formed at its end which is directed toward the guide rib 34 with a vertically extending groove 74 (FIG. 8) which receives the guide rib 34, so that while the latch members 72 are slidable along the guide ribs 34 they cannot turn with respect thereto. At the innermost vertically extending surface of the groove 74 of each latch member 72, each latch member is formed with an upwardly inclined surface 76 matching the inclination of the surface 78 of each notch 70, and above the surface 76 each groove 74 has a vertically extending surface 80 for engaging the surface 82 of the notch 70. The bottom surface 84 of latch member 72 will of course engage the latch surface 68 at the part of the surface 84 which is located just inwardly of and which intersects the inclined surface 76. Thus, when the latch member 72 is in its latching position within the notch 70, the surface '84 will press downwardly against the surface 68 so as to maintain the drop side locked at the elevation determined by the elevation of the notch 70.

Each latch means 64 includes an elongated pin 86 threaded into the latch member 72 so as to carry the latter, and each pin 86 carries a suitable lock nut 88.

Each pin 86 extends slidably through a horizontal bore of a guide block 90 fixedly mounted on each of the lower rails 18 in a manner described below, so that in this way the pin 86 and the latch member 72 are constrained to move along an axis coinciding with the axis of the pin 86.

A coil spring 92 also forms part of each of the releasable latching means 64. This spring 92 is coiled about the pin 86 between the block 90 and the lock nut 88 so as to urge the latch member 72 into its latching position. Thus, as soon as hte drop side has been raised to the solid line elevation shown in FIG. 2, the latch member 72 will be at the elevation of the notch 70 and will snap into the latter as the result of the action of the compressed spring 92. This spring 92 can expand from the condition thereof shown in FIG. 7 into the condition shown in FIG. 8 so as to press each latch member 72 into the notch 70.

Each pin 86 has an inner enlarged end 94 situated at the side of the block 90 which is opposite from the latch member 72. This inner end 94 of each pin '86 is formed with a transverse bore 96 enabling an operator-actuated retracting means to be connected with the releaseable latch means 64 for retracting the latter from its latching position.

Each drop side 14 carries beneath its lower rail 18 the operator-actuated retracting means 98. This retracting means 98 coacts with the pair of latch means 64 respectively situated adjacent the opposed ends of the lower rail 18 of each drop side 14. Each retracting means 98 includes an elongated substantially non-stretchable, flexible cable 100 which at a free end passes through the bore 96 and forms a closed loop 102, as shown most clearly in FIG. 8. The free end of the cable 100 is fixed to the remaining portion of the cable by a clinched clamping sleeve 104 or the like. The cable 100 extends from the pair of pins 86 along the rail 18 beneath the latter to a central region thereof where the cable 100 enters into a downwardly directed groove 106 formed in a cable-guide block 108 which also may be made of nylon and which is fixed to each lower rail 18 beneath a central portion thereof in a manner described below. Each block 108 carries a pair of metal guide rollers 110 extending across the groove 106. The cable 100 is guided around the rollers 110 so as to form a depending cable loop 112. This loop 112 extends freely through a substantially rigid tube 116 which forms a stirrup to receive the foot of the operator.

With this construction in order to release a drop side 14 for vertical movement the operator need only insert a foot into the stirrup 116 and press downwardly on the latter so that the retracting means 98 is foot-actuated. The down ward pressure of the foot of the operator on the stirrup 116 will cause the free ends of the cable 100 to be pulled toward each other so that the pins 86 at the opposite end regions of each lower rail 18 will be simultaneously drawn toward each other in opposition to the springs 92. As soon as the intersection between the surfaces 76 and 84 are displaced inwardly beyond the inner extremities of the latch surfaces 68 the drop side will start to move downwardly. During the initial part of this downward movement the inner extremities of the surfaces 68 will coact with the oppositely inclined upwardly extending surfaces 76 of the latch member 72 so as to cam the latter inwardly toward each other also in opposition to the springs 92, so that the displacement of the latching members 72 into their unlatched positions shown in FIG. 7 takes place due to this camming action simultaneously with the initial part of the downward movement of each drop side 14. It is furthermore to be noted because of the extremely great power which any individual possesses in his legs, it is an exceedingly simple matter for the operator to quickly and easily displace the stirrup 116 downwardly to achieve the required force which acts in opposition to the springs 92 in order to release the latch means 64. Thus, these springs 92 can exert a considerable power to provide an extremely safe latching structure to maintain the drop side in its latched position, while at the same time because of the great power which a person has in his leg it is possible to quickly and easily retract the latch means without difficulty.

In order to mount the blocks and 108 at the underside of each lower rail 18, each rail 18 is formed along its lower surface with a longitudinal, downwardly-directed groove (FIG. 9). An elongated mounting channel 114 is situated within the groove of each lower rail 18. The mounting channel 114 is made of metal and fixed in any suitable way to the lower rail 18 as by a plurality of tapered screws 116 (FIG. 7), similar to wood screws, which can thread themselves into the rail 18 while having their heads countersunk into the bottom web 118 of the channel 114. Thus, a plurality of the screws 116 are distributed along the channel 114 and threaded into the rail 118 to fix the channel 114 thereto.

In order to fix the blocks 90 to the rail 18, each block 90 is formed with a vertical bore 120 having an upper tapered end to be seated against the tapered inner surface of the head of a self-threading screw 122 which can be threaded directly through the web 118, and which forms its own thread as it passes through the web 118, in a well known manner.

In a similar manner the block 108 is formed with a vertical bore having a top tapered surface seated against the tapered surface of the head of a self-threading screw 122 which fixes the block 108 to the channel 114 centrally of the rail 118.

It is to be noted that the latch members 72 respectively have upper fiat surfaces slidably engaging the lower flat surface of' the web 118, so that this web also coacts with the latch members 72 to prevent turning thereof and to slidably guide the latch members 72.

When the crib of the invention is sold, the crib ends 12 are not connected to the drop sides, but they are assembled with the guides 24. The separate drop sides have the releasable latch means and retracting means connected thereto. The clamps 54 and the caps 36 are also separate. With these components the operator need only slip the drop sides downwardly along the guide ribs 34 and the latches will snap into the notches 78. In this way the crib can initially be set up. The caps 36 are very quickly and easily placed on the top ends of the guides 24. Then the operator will simply fix the clamps 54 to the guide ribs 36 at any desired elevation therealong. Then the spring 50 can be introduced and the mattress 52 placed on the spring 50. The glides 46 can either come assembled with the legs 42 or can be separate therefrom and easily assembled therewith by the purchaser. In this exceedingly quick and simple manner it is possible to assemble the entire crib and set it up ready for use.

It is to be noted that with this construction the crib 1s quite rigid and does not have a loose rickety construction where it is possible for the crib ends to tilt easily with respect to the drop sides. Furthermore, the crib has a pleasing solid appearance which inspires confidence in its use. There are no parts where a child in the crib can in- 7 jure himself. A positive latching engagement is provided with a latch structure which cannot fail to engage, so that the structure is extremely safe. It is not possible for a child to release the latch .01? the invention from the interior of the crib. The fact that the drop side will remain at any position in which it is placed is also an extremely great convenience and a further safety feature. The crib is completely free of protrusions which can hurt a child or narrow crevices in which limbs of the child can be pinched or otherwise jammed.

In order to release a drop side a simple downward pressure of the foot is all that is required.

One of the primary factors contributing to the increased rigidity of the crib of the invention as compared to conventional constructions resides in the fixing of the guides 24 to the crib ends 12 along the entire distance through which the guides 24 to the crib ends 12 along the entire distance through which the guides 24 extend along the crib ends 12. With this construction there are no fastening screws which are subject to being pulled out in response to axially extending forces. The dovetail engagement between the crib ends and the guides 24 prevents such a disconnection. Thus, the crib end itself becomes, in effect, a reinforcing structural components coacting with the guide 24 in order to contribute further to the rigidity of the crib assembly.

The cruciform configuration of the section of each guide 24 basically provides a much more rigid structure than a simple rod of circular cross section as is now conventionally used.

What is claimed is:

1. In a crib, a pair of opposed crib ends each having top and bottom edges, a drop side extending between said crib ends and having top and bottom rails, each of said rails being formed with a pair of opposed vertically extending end notches extending through each rail and having hollow interiors respectively directed toward said crib ends, and a pair of opposed substantially rigid elongated guides respectively fixed to said crib ends and extending upwardly therealong from said bottom edges thereof toward said top edges thereof, said guides respectively having inwardly directed guide ribs extending inwardly toward each other away from said crib ends and respectively received in said opposed end notches of each rail for slidably guiding each rail for vertical movement with respect to said crib ends, a pair of releasable clamp means being respectively clamped to said guide ribs at preselected elevations therealong between said rails of said drop side, and a pair of keepers fixedly carried by and extending upwardly from said pair of clamp means, respectively, said keepers respectively defining with said guide ribs gaps for receiving crib-spring members which rest on said pair of clamp means between said guide ribs and keepers so that the elevation of a crib-spring and a mattress thereon can be selected according to the selected elevation of said pair of clamp means along said guide ribs.

'2. The combination of claim 1 and wherein each releaseable clamp means includes a pair of clamp plates between which each rib extends, a pair of screws drawing said clamp plates toward each other and pressing them against each guide rib, and said keepers being respectively situated outside of the space between said plates of said pair of clamp means, respectively, with each keeper engaging an exterior surface of a clamp plate and being fixed thereto by said screws.

3. In a crib, a pair of opposed crib ends each having top and bottom edges, a drop side extending between said crib ends and having top and bottom rails, each of said rails being formed with a pair of opposed vertically extending end notches extending through each rail and having hollow interiors respectively directed toward said crib ends, and a pair of opposed substantially rigid elongated guides respectively fixed to said crib ends and extending upwardly therealong from said bottom edges thereof toward said top edges thereof, said guides respectively having inwardly directed guide ribs extending inwardly toward each other away from said crib ends and respectively received in said opposed end notches of each rail for slidably guiding each rail for vertical movement with respect to said crib ends, each guide rib having an upwardly directed latch surface, and a pair of releasable latch means carried by the lower rail of said drop side and resting on said upwardly directed latch surfaces, respectively, for releasably latching said drop side at a given upper position along said guides, said ribs of said guides being respectively formed with latch notches respectively terminating in bottom substantially horizontal surfaces which form said upwardly directed latch surfaces, respectively, said pair of releasable latch means respectively including a pair of latch members received in said notches and engaging said bottom surfaces thereof for latching said drop side at said upper elevation thereof, and said pair of latch means also respectively including a pair of springs respectively urging said latch members into said notches, and operator-actuated retracting means coacting with both of said latch members for simultaneously retracting the latter out of said notches in opposition to said springs, respectively, to release said drop side for movement downwardly along said ribs.

4. The combination of claim 3 and wherein said latch members respectively have bottom end surfaces for engaging said bottom surfaces of said notches and oppositely inclined upwardly extending surfaces extending upwardly from said bottom surfaces of said latch members and inclined away from each other in an upward direction from said bottom surfaces of said latch members, so that upon retraction of said latch members inwardly toward each other said oppositely inclined surfaces of said latch members will slidably engage inner extremities of said bottom surfaces of said notches to be cammed by said extremities further inwardly toward each other during downward movement of said drop side.

5. The combination of claim 3 and wherein said latch members respectively have outer end faces formed with vertical grooves which receive said ribs, respectively.

6. The combination of claim 3 and wherein each releaseable latch means includes a slide block fixed to said lower rail beneath the latter, an elongated pin extending slidably through said block, having an outer end fixed to said latch member, and having an inner end situated inwardly beyond said block at the side of the latter opposite from said latch member, said spring surrounding said pin and situated between said block and latch member, said operator-actuated retracting means including an elongated flexible cable fixed to and extending between said inner ends of said pins, cable-guide means situated substantially midway between the opposed ends of said lower rail and coacting with said cable to guide the latter and to form a downwardly directed cable loop, and a stirrup carried by said loop so that when the operator applies a foot to said strirup to urge the latter downwardly, the force will be transmitted through said cable to said pins for retracting the latter and said latch members therewith to release said drop side for downward movement by the foot of the operator.

7. The combination of claim 6 and wherein said cable guide is in the form of a block fixed to said lower rail, having a lower portion formed with a downwardly directed groove extending longitudinally of said lower rail, and said latter block having a pair of opposed guide rollers freely rotatable in said groove and guiding said cable to form between the latter guide rollers said downwardly directed cable loop.

8. The combination of claim 7 and wherein said lower rail of said drop side fixedly carries at its underside an elongated mounting channel having a lower web situated 9 substantially in a horizontal plane, said slide blocks and cable guide being fixed to said web and extending downwardly therefrom.

9. The combination of claim 8 and wherein said latch members respectively have upper surfaces slidably engaging said web.

10. The combination of claim 3 and wherein said operator-actuating retracting means is actuated by the foot of the operator and includes a stirrup to be engaged by the operators foot.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,290,410 1/ 1919 Tilley. 2,368,185 1/1945 Webb 5-100 3,360,320 12/1967 Lust 312-257 3,405,412 10/1968 Mixon 5l00 CASMIR A. NUNBERG, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 

